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The Yarkon River ((ヘブライ語:נחל הירקון), ''Nahal HaYarkon''), also Yarqon River, is a river in central Israel. The source of the Yarkon ("Greenish" in Hebrew) is at Tel Afek (Antipatris), north of Petah Tikva. It flows west through Gush Dan and Tel Aviv's Yarkon Park into the Mediterranean Sea. Its Arabic name, al-Auja, means "the meandering". The Yarkon is the largest coastal river in Israel, at 27.5 km in length.〔 ==History== The Yarkon formed the southern border of the vilayet of Beirut during the late Ottoman period.〔Weldon C. Matthews (2006) ''Confronting an Empire, Constructing a Nation: Arab Nationalists and Popular Politics in Mandate Palestine'' I.B.Tauris, ISBN 1-84511-173-7 p 26〕 The Arabic name of the river, al-Auja ("the meandering one"), is shared with another small stream that flows into the Jordan Valley north of Jericho. During World War I this coincidence led to the term of "the line of the two Aujas" referring to a strategic line connecting the two river valleys and taken by the expeditionary forces of General Allenby during his early 1918 advance against the Ottoman army. In the Mandatory period, the British government granted the Jaffa Electric Company exclusive rights to generate, distribute, and sell electricity in the District of Jaffa. These rights were delivered through the “Auja Concession”, which was formally signed on September 12, 1921. The Concession had authorized the company to generate electricity by means of hydroelectric turbines that would exploit the water power of the Yarkon River to supply electricity to Jaffa, the smaller neighboring town of Tel Aviv, and other locations within the bounds of the administrative District of Jaffa. Yet the plan to generate electricity by hydroelectric means never materialized, and instead the company designed and built a powerhouse that produced electricity by means of diesel-fueled engines.〔Shamir, Ronen (2013). Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine. Stanford: Stanford University Press.〕 The river became increasingly polluted after the 1950s, many blaming this on the construction of the Reading Power Station which is situated near its mouth. When the river's headwaters were diverted to the Negev via the National Water Carrier for irrigation purposes, the state of the Yarkon declined. As sewage replaced the flow of fresh water, habitats were destroyed and flora and fauna disappeared. This was exacerbated by continuous discharges of industrial effluents and municipal sewage into the rivers, which allowed algae to multiply.〔(A rural walk through the big cities, Jerusalem Post )〕 Average Monthly Discharge of Yarkon River (1969-1975).jpg|Average Monthly Discharge (1969–1975) Average Annual Discharge of Yarkon River (1969-1975).jpg|Average Annual Discharge (1969–1975) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yarkon River」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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